Detailed information and the map (2023)

Casa-Asia- Will

Information about Iran

Here you can find selected information online about Iran's geography, people, government, economy and history. Selected statistics, an overview map and the detailed map of Iran are included. But let's start with the flag of Iran here:

Iran - Overview:

What you should know about Iran? Let's start with this: Known as Persia until 1935, Iran became an Islamic republic in 1979 after the ruling monarchy was overthrown and Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was forced into exile. Conservative clerical forces led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini established a theocratic system of government with ultimate political authority vested in a religious scholar commonly known as the Supreme Leader who, under the constitution, answers only to the Assembly of Experts (AOE) - a popularly elected 86 - member of the clergy corps. Relations between the United States and Iran were strained when a group of Iranian students seized the US embassy in Tehran in November 1979 and held embassy staff hostage until mid-January 1981. The United States severed diplomatic relations with Iran. Iran in April 1980. During the period 1980-88, Iran fought a bloody and indecisive war with Iraq, which eventually spilled over into the Persian Gulf and provoked clashes between the US Navy and Iranian military forces. Iran has been designated a state sponsor of terrorism for its activities in Lebanon and elsewhere in the world and remains subject to US economic sanctions and the export control program. Following the election of reformer Hojjat ol-Eslam Mohammad Khatami as president in 1997 and a reformer Majles (legislature) in 2000, a campaign to encourage political reform began in response to popular discontent. The movement failed when conservative politicians, backed by the Supreme Leader, unelected authority institutions such as the Tutelary Council and the security services rolled back and blocked reform measures while increasing security crackdowns. Beginning with the 2003 national municipal elections and continuing with the 2004 Majle elections, conservatives re-established control over Iran's elected government institutions, culminating in the August 2005 inauguration of the hardline Mahmud Ahmadi. His controversial re-election in June 2009 sparked nationwide protests over allegations of voter fraud, but the protests were quickly quelled. Deteriorating economic conditions due mainly to government mismanagement and international sanctions sparked at least two major economic protests in July and October 2012, but Iran's internal security situation has remained stable. President Ahmadi-Nejad's independent streak has angered establishment figures in the regime, including the supreme leader, prompting conservative opposition to his agenda for the final year of his presidency and an alienation from his political supporters. In June 2013, Iranians elected a moderate conservative cleric, Dr. Hasan Fereidun Rouhani, for the presidency. He is a former high-ranking member of the regime but has made promises to reform Iran's society and foreign policy. The UN Security Council passed a series of resolutions calling on Iran to suspend its uranium enrichment and reprocessing activities and fulfill its obligations and responsibilities to the IAEA, and in July 2015, Iran and the five permanent members, plus the Germany (P5+1) signed the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (Jcpoa)​​under which Iran agreed to curbs on its nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief. Iran held elections in 2016 for both the AOE and the Majles, resulting in a conservative-controlled AOE and a Majles that many Iranians consider more sympathetic to the Rouhani administration than the previous conservative-dominated body. Iran will hold presidential elections in May 2017. Rouhani is currently the favorite for a second term.

Iran's Geography

Where in the world is Iran? The location of this country is the Middle East, it borders the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf and the Caspian Sea, between Iraq and Pakistan. The total area of ​​Iran is 1,648,195 km2, of which 1,531,595 km2 is land. So this is a very big country. How could we describe the terrain of the country? Around here: rugged and mountainous edge; high and central basin with deserts, mountains; small discontinuous plains along both coasts. The lowest point in Iran is the Caspian Sea -28 m, the highest point Kuh-e Damavand 5625 m. And the climate is mostly arid or semi-arid, subtropical along the Caspian Sea coast.

Inhabitants of Iran

Let's take a look at how many people live in Iran. The number is: 82,021,564 (est. July 2017). Therefore, this country is among the most populous in the world. Who lives here? Persian, Azerbaijani, Kurdish, Lur, Baloch, Arab, Turkmen and Turkic tribes. What are the languages ​​in Iran? Persian (official), Azeri Turkish and Turkish dialects, Kurdish, Gilaki and Mazandarani, Luri, Balochi, Arabic, others. And religions: Muslim (official) 99.4% (Shiite 90-95%, Sunni 5-10%), other (includes Zoroastrian, Jewish, and Christian) 0.3%, unspecified 0.4% (2011 est.) . How old are people on average? 30.3 years. We have to add that this number is the median, so half of the people are older than that, half are younger. And what is your life expectancy (at birth)? This: 74 years. Where do people live in Iran? Here: the population is concentrated in the north, northwest and west, reflecting the position of the Zagros and Elburz mountains; the vast dry areas in the center and east of the country, around the deserts of Dasht-e Kavir and Dasht-e Lut, have a much lower population density. The main urban areas of Iran are: Tehran (capital) 8.432 million; Mashhad 3.014 million; Isfahan 1.88 million; Karaj 1.807 million; Shiraz 1.661 million; Tabriz 1,572 million (2015).

Government and Economy of Iran

The capital of Iran is Tehran and the government is a theocratic republic. Let's look at the administrative divisions - 31 provinces (ostanha, singular - ostan); Alborz, Ardabil, Azerbaijan-e Gharbi (West Azerbaijan), Azerbaijan-e Sharqi (East Azerbaijan), Bushehr, Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Hamadan, Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan Jonubi ( South Khorasan), Khorasan-e-Razavi (Razavi Khorasan), Khorasan-e-Shomali (North Khorasan), Khuzestan, Kohgiluyeh and Bowyer Ahmad, Kurdistan, Lorestan, Markazi, Mazandaran, Qazvin, Qom, Semnan, Sistan and Balochistan, Tehran , Yazd, Zanjan. In terms of Iran's economy, important industrial products are oil, petrochemicals, gas, fertilizers, caustic soda, textiles, cement and other building materials, food processing (in particular, sugar refining and vegetable oil production), manufacture of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, armaments. Important agricultural products are wheat, rice, other cereals, sugar beet, sugar cane, fruits, nuts, cotton; dairy products, wool; cavia The most important export products are petroleum 80%, chemicals and petrochemicals, fruits and nuts, carpets, cement and minerals, and the most important export partners are China 30.1%, India 16.7%, South Korea 9.7%, Turkey 9.5%, Japan 6.8% (2016). The most important import products are industrial supplies, capital goods, food and other consumer goods, technical services, and the most important import partners are UAE 27.4%, China 13.2%, Turkey 7.8% , South Korea 4.3%, Germany 4% (2016) . How rich is Iran and how rich are the people in this country? The most important number here is GDP per capita (GDP): $20,000 (2017 est.). That is great. We add that this means Gross Domestic Product per person, which is recalculated in relation to the relative cost of local goods and services. And a more important number: population below the poverty line: 18.7% (2007 est.).

iran map

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